The field of technology is full of terms and acronyms that sometimes confuse users and even professionals with experience in the field. To better understand this entire universe, we created a dictionary of the most important IT terms and acronyms.
APR
ABR (available bit rate – available bit rate) is the average amount of data transferred per unit of time. For example: a file that has a file rate bit available speed of 256kbit/s transfers, on average, 256.000 bits every second.
ADVANCED ANALYTICS
Gartner defines Advanced analytics as capable of providing an environment end-to-end to develop and implement models. These platforms must include: (1) access to data from multiple sources; (2) data preparation, exploration, and visualization; (3) the ability to deploy models and integrate them into business processes and applications; (4) performance capabilities of the platform, project and management model; and (5) high performance scalability for both development and deployment.
ANSI
American national standard institute – American National Standards Institute.
APACHE TOMCAT
Tomcat is a server website Java, more specifically, a Containers of servlets.
APP
The acronym can have several meanings, but in the computational universe, APP is the abbreviation for application or application. It is a program developed to perform a specific function, basically for the user.
ARDUINO
Arduino is an electronic prototyping platform for hardware free and single-board, designed with a microcontroller with built-in input/output support, a standard programming language, which originates from wiring (electronic prototyping platform hardware free), and is essentially C/C++. The goal of the project is to create tools that are accessible, low-cost, flexible and easy to use by artists and hobbyists. Mainly for those who would not have access to more sophisticated controllers and more complicated tools.
ARPANET
ARPAnet (advanced research projects agency network) is the first packet-switching computer network. Created in 1969 by the US Department of Defense to interconnect military bases and government research departments, it gave rise to the internet.
ARRAY
O array is a group of elements with similar attributes (such as memory or disk) that can be addressed individually.
ASCII
The ASCII (american standard code for information interchange – Standardized American Information Interchange Code) is the international set of characters with decimal values that the computer can produce. For example: TAB=9, space=32, Letter A=65, letter a=97, number 0=48.
AWS
A Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a secure cloud services platform, offering computing power, database storage, content distribution, and other functionality to help businesses scale and grow.
B2B
B2B (business to business) is the expression used to indicate operations between companies. The nature of this operation can be resale, transformation or consumption.
B2C
B2C (business to customer) is the expression used to indicate operations between company and end consumer.
BACKBONE
O backbone it is the main network through which all data from all internet customers circulates.
BACKUP
O backup is the copying of data from one storage device to another so that it can be restored if the original data is lost, which may involve accidental deletion or data corruption.
BAM
BAM (business activity management – business activity monitoring) is the term that defines how we can provide real-time access to critical business performance indicators to increase the speed and effectiveness of business operations. Unlike traditional real-time monitoring, BAM will fetch information from multiple application systems and also from other internal and external sources, allowing a broader and richer view of business activities.
BBS
The BBS (bulletin board system) is a virtual environment made up of computers, modems and a from software communication network connected to one or more telephone lines. From a basic configuration made with scripts and text files, you can create your own system and connect it to others over a telephone network using a modem.
BDE
The BDE (borland database engine) is a database access mechanism developed by Borland, widely tested and used worldwide.
BIG DATA
Big Data is a term widely used today to name very large or complex data sets, which traditional data processing applications cannot yet handle. Challenges in this area include: analysis, capture, data curation, search, sharing, storage, transfer, visualization and data privacy information.
BIOS
BIOS (basic input output system) is the basic input and output system.
BI
Business Intelligence (BI) is a from software for viewing business indicators. Enables the processing of complex data to create simplified views.
Read more in our article about the differences between OpMon Dashboards and BI tools
BIT
BIT is the acronym for the union of words BInary digiT or binary digit. It is the smallest unit of data measurement that can be stored or transmitted in the computational universe. One bit has a single value, being zero or one, that is, true or false.
BOTNET
Um botnet is a collection of programs connected to the internet that communicate with other similar programs in order to perform tasks. It is also a collection of agents of from software ou bots that execute autonomously and automatically. The term is generally associated with the use of from software malicious, but can also refer to a computer network, using from software of distributed computing.
BPM
The BPM (business process management – business process management) is a management of business processes. This management is carried out through a systemic and general view of the organization and is based on the definition of parameters, monitoring, control and adaptation for continuous improvement of processes. Process automation is also an objective of using BPM.
BPMN
O business process model notation or business process modeling notation is a record developed to define and manage processes in the business sphere. The main functionality is to facilitate the understanding of BPM. Access our post about BPMN to learn more.
Bps
The BPS (bits per second - bits per second) is the measure of transmission or reception of bits.
BYOD
BYOD (bring your own device – bring your own device) is the possibility of using personal devices such as smartphones, tablets ou laptops in the workplace for use and connectivity to the corporate network. BYOD provided an increase in productivity in companies, as employees can use their own equipment, making them more independent and willing to work.
CACHE
O cache is a quick access device, internal to a system, that serves as an intermediary between an operator of a process and the storage device to which that operator accesses.
CAPEX and OPEX
CAPEX (capital expenditures – capital expenditure) designates the amount of money spent on the acquisition (or introduction of improvements) of capital assets for a given company.
OPEX (operational expenses) is the capital used to maintain or improve a company's physical assets, such as equipment, properties and real estate. Operating expenses are the ongoing costs of running a product, business, or system.
SERVICE CATALOG
The Service Catalog provides a clear view of what services IT offers and how IT adds value to the allocated financial resources. It offers a method to request or request published services, enabling good governance in which the main terms, conditions and controls defined therein are integrated into the organization's service provision processes. It also allows the organization to improve service planning, delivery and support, while correctly assessing service costs and prices.
EMC
HUNDRED (customer experience management – user experience management) is the perception of the interaction between a company and a consumer through the customer's own vision. It can be said that CEM is a consumer experience through interactions with the brand during the purchasing process.
With the aim of adding high technological value to the business environment, OpServices developed OpCEM from software creating and editing robots that simulate the user experience. Through a virtual user, the solution is configured to do all the necessary steps to carry out an activity, such as: logging into a restricted area, registering, making a purchase in a virtual store, etc.
IC or IC
Configuration item or configuration item is a device that can be configured for the purpose of delivering itself to an IT service. For example: server, router, switch, access point, Among others.
CIA or AIC
Os configuration item attributes or configuration item attributes are metrics and indicators monitored within ICs or CIs. For example: when monitoring a server (IC) we have some indicators (AIC) that can be monitored such as: CPU, memory, disk, among others.
C-LEVEL
The nomenclatures represent the so-called 'C level'. The full meaning is “Chief ______ Officer”, with the blank space representing the area of the company that the person heads:
• CEO (chief executive officer) – Executive president or general director.
• CFO (chief financial officer) - CFO.
• COO (chief operations officer) - Operational director.
• CMO (chief marketing officer) - Marketing director.
• CPO (chief product officer) – Product Director.
• CTO (Chief Technology Officer) - Technology director.
• CIO (Chief information officer) – IT Director.
• DOG (chief accounting officer) – Accounting director.
• CBO (chief business officer) - Business director.
• CCO (chief commercial officer) - Commercial director.
• CCO (chief communications officer) – Communications Director.
• CCO (chief creative officer) - Creation director.
• CCO (chief content officer) – Content Director.
• CDO (chief digital officer) – Digital director.
• CDO (chief diversity officer) – Director of diversity.
• CDO (chief design officer) – Design director.
• CHRO (chief human resources officer) - Human resources director.
• CLO (chief legal officer) – Legal director.
• CSO (chief science officer) – Scientific director.
CLOCK RATE
O clock rate indicates how often a computer's processor works. Its measurement system is Hertz (MHz or GHz, for example).
CLOUD COMPUTING
O cloud computing (cloud computing) refers to the use of memory and storage and calculation capacity of computers and servers shared and interconnected via the internet, following the principle of grid computing.
CLUSTER
Um cluster consists of loosely or tightly linked computers that work together so that in many ways they can be viewed as a single system. Find out more about how a cluster accessing the post in our blog.
CMDB or BDGC
The CMBD (configuration management database – configuration management database, or DBGC) is a repository of information related to all configuration items in the IT infrastructure. CMDB is a fundamental component of the ITIL configuration management process. The CMDB is the trusted source of configuration information for any and all components of the IT environment, including servers, routers, Desktops, printers, telephones, software, etc.
COBOL
COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language – business-oriented common language) is an ancient programming language oriented toward business database processing.
COBIT
COBIT (control objectives for information and related technology) helps the company to have more controlled IT governance. It is focused on the business and aims to provide managers with a governance model that helps deliver value to IT and also manage the risks associated with the area more clearly.
COOKIES
Cookies These are small files that are stored on the computer. They are made to store specific data about a customer or website, to be accessed in the future by the server website faster.
CPU
Central processor unit or central processing unit is responsible for controlling and executing computer tasks, that is, it is where all computer operations are processed.
CRM
CRM (customer relationship management – customer relationship management) is an integrated management system focused on the customer, which brings together various processes and tasks in an organized and integrated way.
DATACENTER (DC) or CPD
O datacenter (DC) or CPD (data processing center) is an environment designed to house servers and other components such as data storage systems and network assets.
DBMS or DBMS
DBMS is the acronym for data base management system, in Portuguese the acronym is DBMS (database management system).
DASHBOARDS
Os dashboards They are visual panels that centralize important information for the business. This way, they allow you to understand the scenario in real time and make decisions based on real information that is happening now, monitored minute by minute.
DDR
The DDR (double data rate) is the doubled throughput.
DEVOPS
Derived from the junction between Developer and Operations, DevOps is a methodology for developing from software that seeks to maximize the results of IT teams. The methodology integrates the entire team of employees and makes communication between them more efficient, increasing the development of from software and IT teams to a new level. Companies that have their IT teams have these teams made up of professionals specialized in different technologies, languages and systems operations, ranging from HR to finance, passing through all key sectors of the company.
DHTML
DHTML is a union of HTML, JavaScript and CSS technologies, combined with a Document Object Model (DOM), which allows interactivity and animation of websites modifying the dynamics on the machine itself, without the need to access a server website.
DOWNTIME
O downtime is the time the system is not operational. Find out how to calculate the cost of a downtime.
DNS
DNS (domain name system – name and domain system) is a system that manages names and recognizes their IP numbers to make a connection. Due to DNS, you can, for example, type 'www.opservices.com.br' in the browser's address bar to access the website instead of a bunch of numbers and dots.
ELASTIC SEARCH
O elasticsearch is an open source search tool (opensource) that has the capacity to handle large amounts of data in real time. The distributed search server is based on Apache Lucene and developed in Java, using a common interface, JSON over https. Among the main advantages of engine of research full-text are the availability of real-time data (near-realtime), high availability to process large volumes of data and store data in the form of documents.
ERP
The ERP (enterprise resource planning – enterprise resource planning) is a business management system. Its function is to unify the systems of different areas of the company, for example, instead of each area using a different system to manage its activities, an ERP solution is capable of unifying this information, making the departments integrated.
ETHERNET
It is a connection protocol for local area networks (LAN) based on sending packets.
FIREWALL
O firewall is a device on a computer network that aims to apply a security policy to a specific point on the network.
FAQ
FAQs (frequently asked questions) is the list of questions and answers most frequently asked by Internet users.
RTD
The FTE (full-time equivalent – full-time equivalent) is a method of measuring the degree of involvement of an employee in the activities of an organization or solely in a specific project.
FTP
FTP (file transfer protocol – file transfer protocol) is a quick and simple way to transfer files on the internet. It can represent both the computer transferring the file and the FTP server.
GATEWAY
Computer that interconnects two or more networks that use different internal communication protocols.
HOTSPOT
hotspot is the name given to the place where technology Wi-Fi is available. They are generally found in public places such as cafes, restaurants, hotels and airports where it is possible to connect to the internet using any device that is prepared to communicate on a wireless network of the type Wi-Fi.
HTML
The HMTL (hypertext markup language) is the most popular markup language on the internet.
https
The https (hypertext transfer protocol – hypertext transfer protocol) is a communication protocol that decides how two computers or programs will transmit data on the Internet. Typically, https uses port 80 communicating in HTML language.
https
The https (hypertext transfer protocol secure – secure hypertext transfer protocol) is an implementation of the https protocol over an additional layer of security that uses the SSL/TLS protocol (security protocols that protect internet telecommunications for data transfer services.). This additional layer allows data to be transmitted over an encrypted connection and the authenticity of the server and client to be verified using digital certificates.
HUB
O hub is the name given to the equipment where data that arrives from one or more sources converges and goes to one or more destinations, depending on the type and command received. It may include a Switch and a router.
IAAS
IaaS (infrastructure as a service – infrastructure as a service) is a modality where the client hires infrastructure as a service, that is, hires virtual servers instead of physical servers.
INTRANET
The intranet is a company's internal computer network.
I&O
The term I&O (infrastructure & operations) designates professionals in the areas of infrastructure and operations.
IOBVD
IOBVD (infrastructure & operations business value dashboards). Unlike traditional systems used by IT and I&O professionals, which focus only on displaying operational results, IOBVD can cross-reference this information with financial, commercial, logistical data and data from different areas and present a result that indicates, for example, what was the impact on revenue generated by the unavailability of a given application. Or, in a sales-oriented view, based on a drop in online sales results, find out whether the root cause of this problem is a decrease in demand or is caused by a problem in the operation or IT infrastructure. Find out more about IOBVD by visiting our post.
IOT
Internet of Things (IOT) or internet of things is the term used to connect basically anything to the internet, be it an appliance, device, sneakers, in short, anything. To learn more about IOT visit our post exclusive on the subject.
ITIL
ITIL (information technology infrastructure library – IT infrastructure library) is a set of best practices for managing IT services.
IP and IPv6
HI P (internet-protocol – internet protocol) is a unique address that differentiates each device connected to the internet.
IPv6 is the most updated version of IP, and has more numbers and protocols. It emerged to gradually replace IPv4, which no longer supports the current IP scenario.
JAVA
Java is an object-oriented interpreted programming language. Unlike conventional programming languages, which are compiled to native code, it is compiled to a bytecode (code of a program written in the Java language) that is executed by a virtual machine (JVMs).
JBOSS
JBoss is an open source application server based on the JEE (Java Enterprise Edition) platform and implemented completely in the Java programming language.
LAN
The LAN (local area network – local area network) is a local network whose purpose is to exchange data within the same physical space. The LAN network limiter is an IP range restricted to it, with a common network mask.
LAAS
LaaS (license as a service – license as a service) is a type of commercialization where the customer definitively acquires licenses for a specific from software.
OCR
The OCR (optical character recognition) is a program used to recognize existing texts in scanned documents, making the information available for use.
M2M
The M2M (machine to machine – machine to machine) is the technology that allows any object to transmit data through a sensor. This sensor captures data such as geolocation, temperature, and others, and sends it through a network to a from software.
MAINFRAME
It is a large computer, focused on processing a large volume of information.
MARIADB
MariaDB is a branched database of MySQL. After the acquisition of MySQL by Oracle, its developer created MariaDB to maintain high fidelity to MySQL.
MySQL
MySQL is a DBMS (database management system) that uses the SQL language as an interface.
MS SQL
Microsoft SQL Server is a DBMS developed by Microsoft. Its main function is to store and retrieve data requested by other applications. from software, whether those on the same computer or those running on another computer over a network (including the Internet).
MTTR and MTBF
The MTTR (mean time to repair – average time to repair) is the average time it takes to perform a repair after the failure occurs. In other words, it is the time spent during intervention in a given process.
The MTBF (mean time between failures – mean time between failures) is a metric that concerns the average time elapsed between a failure and the next time it will occur.
NETFLOW
Once installed on the Cisco router, NetFlow starts to identify data packets no longer in isolation, like other technologies, but as flows with a beginning, middle and end. When flows are identified, they are stored in NetFlow cache for characterizing and understanding network traffic. After 30 minutes they are erased from memory.
NFC
NFC was created through a consortium of technology giants: LG, Motorola, Samsung, Huawei, HTC, Google, Visa, Microsoft and Intel. Cell phones compatible with this technology have a chip on the back of the device that establishes communication with other devices that have a chip equipped with NFC.
NFC allows for fast connections over a short distance. Therefore, the transmission of large files is not yet the objective of this technology. This technology is based on one already widespread around the world, RFID (radio frequency identification – radio frequency identification).
ORACLE
Oracle is a DBMS (database management system) written in C language and available on several material platforms.
P2P
P2P (peer to peer – point-to-point or peer-to-peer) is a computer network architecture where each of the points or nodes on the network functions as both a client and a server, allowing services and data to be shared without the need for a central server.
PDF
PDF (Portable Document Format) means portable document format.
QUERY
Query is the process of extracting data from a database and presenting it in a form suitable for use.
RACK
Physical location where a set of related equipment is assembled, such as servers, routers, switches, etc.
ROI
The ROI (return on investment – return on investment) is the measurement of the time needed to return the amount invested in the acquisition of new technological solutions. To learn how to calculate ROI on IT projects, visit our post.
SAAS
SaaS (software as a service - from software as a service) is a form of commercialization of from software where the supplier is responsible for the entire structure necessary to make the system available.
SFLOW
sFlow is a simplification of the NetFlow protocol. It is also a protocol and has the concept of Sample (agent designed to collect information directly from a network) and Collector(central server that collects datagrams from all agents to store and analyze).
SCM
The SCM (Supply Chain Management – supply chain management) is a solution that enables the company to manage the supply chain with greater effectiveness and efficiency. It basically consists of all parties related, directly or indirectly, to the execution of the customer's order.
SQL
SQL (structured query language – structured query language) is the standard declarative query language for relational databases.
SLA
Fundamental to any service provision contract in the IT area, the SLA (Service Level Agreement – service level agreement, or ANS) is the specification, in measurable and clear terms, of all the services that the contractor can expect from the contractor in the contractual relationship, as well as terms of commitment, service level targets, technical support, contractual deadlines, among other aspects. In other words, it is a technical clarification of the contract.
It is important to make it clear that the SLA is a document required in any IT contractual relationship, being described in ABNT (Brazilian association of technical standards) NBR ISO-IEC 20000-1, and that it must be reviewed periodically to be more effective. It is only with continuous review that the contractor can be assured that the IT company will offer support at all stages of the process, which, evidently, require special care and services.
STACK
O stack or stacking consists of two or more switches with the aim of managing the network through a single IP address.
TCO
The TCO (total cost of ownership – total cost of ownership) is the financial estimate of the direct and indirect costs related to the acquisition of a from software ou hardware, in addition to the costs involved in keeping them running once purchased.
TCP / IP
TCP/IP is a set of communication protocols between networked computers. Its name comes from two protocols: TCP (transmission control protocol – transmission control protocol) and the IP (internet-protocol – internet protocol). The protocol suite can be seen as a layered model, where each layer is responsible for a group of tasks, providing a set of well-defined services to the upper layer protocol.
IT and ICT
IT (information technology) and ICT (information and communication technology) correspond to a set of technological resources integrated together. ICT consists of all technical means used to process information and assist in communication, which includes hardware e from software.
UX
Also known as user experience or user experience, is the concern of designers and developers in creating applications designed with the vision and use of their users in mind.
URL
The URL (uniform resource locator – standard resource locator) refers to the network address where some computer resource is located, such as a computer file or a peripheral device.
VM
The VM (virtual machine – virtual machine) consists of a from software computing environment, which runs programs like a real computer, also called virtualization process.
VPN
VPN (virtual private network – virtual private network) is a private communication network. By providing authentication and confidentiality in data transmission, in addition to encrypted tunneling protocols, VPNs become more secure and reliable in communications.
XML
The XML (extensible markup language) is a markup language capable of describing different types of data. It is one of the subtypes of SGML (standard generalized markup language) and its main purpose is to facilitate the sharing of information over the internet. One of the fundamental characteristics of XML is that it enables the creation of a single infrastructure for different languages, facilitating the definition of unknown languages.
WAN
The WAN (wide area network – wide area network) is a computer network that covers an extensive area such as a university, city, state or even a country.
WEBSITE
WWW (world Wide Web) or WEB is the acronym that refers to the worldwide network of computers connected in a network.
WEBNAR
O webinar ( webinar) is a type of conference website in which communication is one-way, that is, only one person expresses himself and the others watch. Interaction between participants is limited to the chat, so they can chat with each other or send questions to the speaker.
WEBSPHERE
WebSphere is the name of a family of software from IBM to create and run applications based on the Java J2EE standard, also providing infrastructure for integrating corporate applications.